Moldova is a net oil importer, depending primarily on Russia for most of its supply. In October 2004, the Moldovan government announced plans to build a $220 million refinery linked to the Ukraine's 180,000-bbl/d Brody-Odessa oil pipeline. The refinery will allow Moldova to import crude oil and process it domestically. In February 2005, Azerbaijan's AzPetrol Moldova Company purchased the unfinished Giurgiulesti Oil Terminal in southern Moldova on the Danube River. Plans include the construction of a sea/river port and another oil refinery for completion within seven years.

Moldova has no natural gas resources and is entirely dependent on Russia to meet it consumption (78 Bcf in 2002). Russia's gas monopoly, Gazprom, has reduced supplies to Moldova in recent years as a result of the country's delinquint debt. Moscow has suggested that Moldova surrender its oil, gas and electricity assets to Russia in exchange for a debt write-off. In June 2004, Gazprom also announced plans to stop natural gas supplies to Moldova's break-away republic of Trans-Dniester until its debt to the Russian company has been addressed.